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At a later stage, an exercise to practice the resonator scale should be added. Using the mouth prop, say the following words on the middle note in the order shown - HARD, HAY, HEED, HAY, HARD, HAWK, HOOT, HAWK, HARD - breathing steadi- ly with each sound.

The foregoing exercises have been designed to give the flexi- bility and muscular control which are necessary in order to develop the new way of speaking. The practice of this new way of speaking requires attention to the following elements:

Pitch

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This may be satisfactory and require no change. If it needs to be raised, the following technique will help. Start at the middle note of existing speech. Carry the voice up to the high- est note obtainable without falsetto. This will establish the new range of pitch and the new middle note will be half way up it. Repetition of the vocal exercises at the new middle note will train the vocal organs to produce the new range naturally and easily.

Resonance In voice production, there are three main resonators: pharynx (or neck), which is the first through which the breath passes; the mouth, through which most of the breath passes out; and the nose, through which a small proportion of the breath passes out. The essential quality of a resonator is that it is a hollow space. Each hollow space has its resonant pitch, which depends on the shape and size of the resonator and the size and number of its openings. The smaller the resonator, the higher the pitch. The smaller the opening, the lower the pitch. The sequence of the resonator scale, rising through an octave and a half, is as follows: HOOT, HOOK, HOE, HAWK, HOCK, HARD, HUT, HEARD, HAD, HEAD, HAY, HID, HEED. As far as HARD the resonant pitches of the neck and mouth are separate but identical. After HARD the resonant pitch of the mouth continues to rise, but the resonant pitch of the neck has a descending scale. Thus vocal pitch can be lightened by reducing neck resonance, a prac- tice (commonly known as throwing the voice) which may be

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